Can Air Source Heat Pumps Work in Older Homes?
When it comes to heating, many homeowners are exploring more energy-efficient alternatives to gas and oil boilers. Air source heat pumps (ASHPs) are one option growing in popularity, but there’s often some uncertainty around whether they are a good fit for older homes. With thicker walls, draughty windows and less insulation, older buildings aren’t always the obvious choice for modern heating technology. But the answer isn’t a simple yes or no. Older properties can still benefit from a heat pump with the right approach.
The Challenge of Heat Loss
Heat loss is one of the main concerns with using a heat pump in an older home. These systems work best in well-insulated buildings because they provide heat at a lower temperature than traditional boilers. If too much heat escapes through poorly insulated walls, windows or roofs, the system may struggle to warm the space efficiently. That said, this doesn’t rule them out entirely.
Simple Upgrades Can Make a Big Difference
There are steps that can be taken to improve the chances of a heat pump working effectively. Upgrading insulation is often the first place to start. Roof insulation is usually straightforward and can make a big difference. Cavity wall insulation might not be possible in every building, especially ones with solid walls, but internal or external wall insulation can be considered. Draught-proofing around windows and doors is another low-cost fix that helps to keep warmth in.
Heating Systems May Need Adjusting
Another factor to consider is the existing heating system. Heat pumps are most efficient when paired with larger radiators or underfloor heating, as they work better at lower temperatures spread over a wider area. Many older homes still have small radiators designed for high-temperature systems like gas boilers. Replacing these radiators with larger ones can help the system run more efficiently, although this will add to the upfront cost.
Outdoor Space and Noise Levels
Some older homes may also have limited space outside for the heat pump unit. A small garden, courtyard or even a side return may be suitable, as long as there’s enough airflow around the unit and it’s not too close to windows or neighbouring properties. One thing that often surprises people is how quiet modern air source heat pumps can be. They do produce some noise, especially during colder weather, but it’s usually no louder than a fridge. This is good news for anyone living in a terraced or semi-detached property where noise could be a concern.
Running Costs and Financial Support
Running costs can vary depending on how well the property retains heat and the electricity tariff used. While heat pumps are usually cheaper to run than oil or LPG systems, they may be more expensive than gas in some cases unless the home is well insulated. However, with rising energy prices and a shift from fossil fuels, heat pumps will likely become even more cost-effective. Financial support may be available to help with the upfront cost. In the UK, the Boiler Upgrade Scheme offers grants for low-carbon heating systems, including air source heat pumps. This can make the switch more affordable and help cover some of the work needed to make a property suitable.
A Practical Option with The Right Preparation
Air source heat pumps can work in older homes, but they may need a bit of preparation to get the best results. While the initial investment can be higher than a standard boiler replacement, the long-term benefits of energy efficiency and lower carbon emissions can make it worthwhile. Older homes might not be a perfect fit from day one, but they can still make the most of modern heating technology with a few adjustments.